Predefined Counters

1. Sections:
   \thesection
\thesubsection
\thesubsubsection
   
2. Chapters (book): \thechapter
3. Page Number: \thepage
4. Itemize or Enumerate:
   \theenumi
\theenumii
\theenumiii
\theenumiv
\theenumv
   
5. Equations:
   \begin{equation}
\end{equation}
6. Theorems
7. ...

\documentclass{article}


\newtheorem{Axioma}{Axioma}
\newtheorem{Teorema}{Teorema}[section]
\newtheorem
    {Definicao}
    [Teorema]
    {Definição}
\newtheorem
    {Proposicao}
    [Teorema]
    {Proposição}
\newtheorem
    {Corolario}
    [Teorema]
    {Corolário}
\newtheorem
    {Lema}
    [Teorema]
    {Lema}

\newtheorem
    {Commentario}
    [Teorema]
    {Comment}

\usepackage{amsthm}
    
\begin{document}


   \begin{Teorema}
       My first theorem...
   \end{Teorema}

   \begin{proof}
      Here's the proof...
   \end{proof}

\end{document}